Additionally, since Rochebrune and Mabille did not actually assign type status to E. membranaceus, Hochberg concluded that Enteroctopus was indeed a valid genus and transferred type-species status to E. megalocyathus based on his conclusion that E. megalocyathus and E. membranaceus are the same species. Hochberg noted that Robson had considered E. membranaceus a junior synonym of E. megalocyathus, the second species assigned to the genus by Rochebrune and Mabille in their 1889 description. Robson in his 1929 monograph of octopods regarded E. membranaceus as a species dubium because the original description was insufficient to identify an individual species, the holotype was an immature specimen, and the type specimen no longer existed.Īs such, the genus was considered invalid until Hochberg resurrected it in 1998. Southeastern coast of South America along the coasts of Argentina and Chile up to the Chiloé Archipelago, and the Falkland IslandsĮ. membranaceus has often been regarded as type species of the genus, not because it was designated as such by Rochebrune and Mabille when they erected the genus, but because it was the first named species in the genus. Genus Enteroctopus at present consists of four species, tabulated below: ImageĬoastal North Pacific, along California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Alaska, Russia, Japan, and Korean Peninsula Octopuses in this genus have large, paddle-like papillae instead of the more conical papillae in other octopus genera. The hectocotylus of the males in this genus, found on the third right arm, is long and narrow in comparison with other genera in the family Octopodidae, often comprising one-fifth the length of the arm. Their heads are distinctly narrower than the mantle width. Enteroctopus species have distinct longitudinal wrinkles or folds dorsally and laterally on their bodies. Members of this genus are characterized by their large size and are often known as giant octopuses. Bottom line, anyone who says the octopus is their spirit animal must think pretty highly of themselves.Enteroctopus is a genus of generally temperate octopuses. They can even regrow their arms if need be, according to National Geographic. Octopuses have three hearts that pump blue, copper-based blood, and their suction cups can be used individually to touch and taste. Octopuses can move underwater, or apparently anywhere, by using their eight tentacled arms as legs, or they can simply use good old-fashioned jet-propulsion by sucking water into their mantle cavities then pushing it back out, using the water-jet to steer themselves, per the National Wildlife Foundation. Like that time Inky the Octopus busted out of The National Aquarium of New Zealand by breaking out of his enclosure through a small gap at the top, according to The New York Times, and made his way about eight feet across the floor to a 6-inch drain where he contorted his "soccer ball"-sized body into the 164-foot long drain pipe to make his Nemo-esque escape back to Hawke's Bay. Octopuses have no skeleton or exoskeleton and can squeeze into tiny crevices to escape predators or even captivity. They can learn, solve problems, and navigate through mazes, per Smithsonian Magazine. They are considered the smartest invertebrates on earth. The cephalopods are fascinating in their abilities to shape-shift and change color, which at least the Giant Pacific kind can do in one-tenth of a second, according to Oceana. If any animal on earth has superpowers, it has to be the octopus.
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